一切有為法，如夢幻泡影，如露亦如電，應作如是觀。

90年上 周必泰 普通化學甲上期中考part C

11.Which reaction does not involve oxidation-reduction?

   a)CH4 + 3O2 → 2H2O + CO2

   b)Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl2 + H2

   c)2Na + 2H2O → 2NaOH + H2

   d)MnO2 + 4HCl → Cl2 + 2H2O + MnCl2

   e)All are osidation-reduction reactions

12.The father of modern chemistry

   a)Joseph Priestley

   b)Antoine Lavoisier

   c)John Dalton

   d)Louis Gay-Lussac

   e)Amedeo Avogadro

13.Which of the following is NOT the correct chemical formula for the compound

    named?

   a)hydrocyanic acid    HCN

   b)calcium sulfate     CaSO4

   c)beryllium oxide     BeO

   d)nickel(II) peroxide Ni2O

   e)ammonium chromate   (NH4)2CrO4

14,Which of the following statements is true?

   a)The oxidation number for H in LiAlH4 is -1

   b)The oxidation number of N in NO3 - is greater than that of S in SF6

   c)The relative ability of atoms to attract shared electron is on the order

     of F>O>N~Cl

   d)(Effusion rate for gas 1/Effusion rate for gas 2)=(√M1/√M2)

   e)None of the above

15.The kinetic molecular theory of gases does NOT assume that

   a)gases are made up of tiny particles in chaotic motion

   b)gas particles are very small compared to the average distance berween the

      particles

   c)gas particles collide with the walls of their container in elastic

     collisions

   d)The average velocity of gas particles is directly proportional to the

     absolute temperature

   e)The particles are assumed to exert no forces on each other

16.A sample of a xenon fluoride contains molecules of the form XeFn, where n

   is some whole number,  If 9.03×10^20 molecules of XeFn weigh 0.311g ,

   calculate n. (atomic mass,Xe=131, F=19)

   a)1

   b)2

   c)4

   d)none of these

17.Which of the experiments listed below did NOT provide the information

   stated about the nature of the atom?

   a)The Rutherford experiment proved the "plum-pudding" model of the atom was

      essentially correct.

   b)The Rutherford experiment proved the charge on the nucleus

   c)Millikan's oil-drop experiment showed that the charge on any particle was

      a simple multiple of the charge on the electron

   d)The electron discharge tube proved that electrons have a negative charge.

18.Caffeine consists of carbon hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen.  When 0.1920g

   of caffeine is burned in an excess of oxygen, 0.3482g of cargon dioxide and

     0.0891g water are formed.  Caffeine is 28.84% nitrogen by mass.  Its molar

    mass is between 190 and 200 g /mol.  What is formula for caffeine?

   a)C4H5N2O

   b)C3H2N2O2

   c)C6H4N4O4

   d)C8H10N4O2

   e)none of these

19.Which of the following statements about atomic structure is FALSE?

   a)The electrons occupy a very large volume compared to the nucleus

   b)Almost all of the mass of the atom is concentrated in the nucleus

   c)The protons and neutrons in the nucleus are very tightly packed

   d)The number of protons and neutrons is always the same in a neutral atom.

20.Which of the following statements is true?

   I.The number of protons is the same for all neutral atoms of an element

   II.The number of electrons is the same for all neutral atoms of an element

   III.The number of neutrons is the same for all neutral atoms of an element

   a)I,II,III, b)I,II, c)II,III, d)I,III

Ans:c a a或e e a dabda ebdad caddb

90年上 周必泰 普通化學甲上期中考part B

B-4 單選題 (3%*20=60%)

1.The empirical formula of sugar is CH2O and its molar mass is 180.2g /mole. If

   one teaspoom of sugar weighs 3.50grams, how many moles and molecules of

  sugar are present?

  a)0.117moles, 7.03×10^22molecules

  b)0.0194moles, 3.24×10^26molecules

  c)0.0194moles, 1.17×10^22molecules

  d)0.0583moles, 3.51×10^22molecules

  e)0.0295moles, 1.78×10^22molecules

2.A solution contains the ions Ag+, Pb2+, and Ni2+.  Dilute solutions of NaCl,

   Na2SO4,and Na2S are available to separate the positive ions from each other

  .  To separate the ions, in which order should the solytions be added?

  a)Na2SO4, NaCl, Na2S

  b)Na2SO4, Na2S, NaCl

  c)Na2S, NaCl, Na2SO4

  d)NaCl, Na2S, Na2SO4

  e)NaCl, Na2SO4, Na2S

3.Which of the following statements is true for ideal gases?

  a)The temperature of the gas sample is directly related to the average

    velocity of the gas particles.

  b)At STP, 1.0L of Ar(g) contains about twice the number of atoms as 1.0L of

    Ne(g) because the molar mass of Ar is about twice that of Ne.

  c)A gas exerts pressure because its molecules collide with the walls of the

    container to release the energy.

  d)The gas particles in a sample attract each other.

  e)None of the above.

4.Which element does not belong to the family or classification indicated?

  a)Br, halogen

  b)He, noble gas

  c)Fe, transition metal

  d)K, alkali metal

  e)Se, Lanthanide

5.Identify the strongest base.

  a)CH3O-

  b)CH3OH

  c)CN-

  d)H2O

  e)NO3 -

6.Iron(II) sulfate reacts with potassium hydroxide in aqueous solution to form

   a precipitate.  What is the net ionic equation for this reaction?

  a)Fe2+(aq) + SO4 2-(aq) → FeSO2(s)

  b)2K+(aq) + SO4 2-(aq) → K2SO4(s)

  c)2Fe3+(aq) + 3SO4 2-(aq) → Fe2(SO4)3(s)

  d)Fe2+(aq) + 2OH-(aq) → Fe(OH)2(s)

  e)K+(aq) + Fe2+(aq) → Fe3+(aq)

7.According to the equation 2KClO3(s) → 2KCl(s) + O2(g)

  3.00-g sample of KClO3 decomposes and the oxygen at 24.0度C and 0.982atm is

  collected.  What volume of oxygen gas will be collected, assuming 100% yield

  ?  Atomic mass, K:39, Cl:35

  a)304mL

  b)608mL

  c)911mL

  d)1820mL

  e)none of these

8.An aqueous solution of barium nitrate reacts with an aqueous solution of

  sodium sulfate.  Identify the solid and indicate its coefficient in the

  balanced equation.

  a)NaNO3, 1

  b)BaSO4, 1

  c)NaNO3, 2

  d)BaSO2, 2

  e)None of these

9.The Claus reactions, shown below, are used to generate elemental sulfur from

   hydrogen sulfide.  (atomic mass:S=32)

  H2S + O2 → SO2 + H2O (unbalanced)

  SO2 + H2S →  S + H2O (unbalanced)

  How much sulfur(in grams) is produced from 48.0grams of O2?

  a) 16.0g , b) 32.1g , c) 48.1g , d) 96.2g , e)none of those

10.Which of the following is true?

     18      19

   a)  O and   F have the same number of neutrons.

      8       9

     14      14

   b)  C and   N are isotopes of each other because their mass numbers are the

      6       7

      same.

     18 2-                                      20

   c)  O   has different number of electrons as   Ne.

      8                                         10

   d)The radius of a nucleus is ~ 10^ -8 cm

   e)None of the above

90年上 周必泰 普通化學甲上期中考part A

開課系所︰化學

Total:200% 考3小時

A.Questions and definitions (140%)

1.Write down the full name of the following elements, compounds or apparatus

  a.Cs, b.KMnO4, c.NaHCO3, d.Cr2O7 2-, e.Fe(NO3)3, f. KBrO3, g.GaN, H.H2SO3,

  i.H3PO4, j.HNO2, k.量筒, l.有刻度之滴定管, m.拋棄式滴管, n.洗瓶, o.定容積三

  角錐形燒瓶.                                                     (2%*15=30%)

2.Write down both symbol and full name of the a.Noble gases, b.Alkaline earth

  metal families.                                                  (5%*2=10%)

3.Write down both symbol and full name of the transition metals from atomic

  number 21 to 30.                                                      (20%)

4.For the van-der Waals equation of the real gas Pobs = nRT/(V-nb) - a(n/V)^2

  a.For the following gases, which has the largest a value, and which has the

    smallest value of b, explain

    He,Ar,CH4,NH3                                                        (3%)

  b.At higher pressure such as >1000 atm pressure calculated from the van-der

    Walls equation shows significant deviation from the observed one.  Give a

    reasonable explanation.                                              (7%)

5.Balance the following reactions

  a.Ag(s) + CN-(aq) + O2(g) → Ag(CN)2 -(aq) (in basic condition)

  b.CH3OH(aq) + Cr2O7 2-(aq) → CH2O(aq) + Cr3+(aq) (in acidic condition)

                                                                   (5%*2=10%)

6.The distribution of velocities of the particles in an ideal gas is described

   by the Maxwell Boltzman distribution law

  f(u) = 4π(m/(2π kB T))^(3/2) *(u^2)*(e^(-m u^2/2 kB T))

  where u=velocity in m/s

        m=mass of a gas particle in kg

        kB=Boltzman's constant=1.38*10^-23

        T=temperature in Kelvin

  Derive the most probable velocity ump (need a detailed derivation)    (10%)

7.For an ideal gas the mean free path λ can be expressed as

  λ = 1/(√2(N/V)(π d^2))

  where d is the diameter of the gas particle.  Assumung the gas possesses a

  root mean square velocity, calculate the collision frequency in a sample of

  helium gas with a volume of 5.0L at 27度C and 3.0atm.  The diameter of a

  helium atom is 50pm., atomic mass=4                                   (15%)

8.A sample is a mixture of KCl and KBr.  When 0.1024g of the sample is

  dissolved in water and reacted with excess silver nitrate, 0.1889g of solid

  is obtained.  What is the composition by mass percent of the mixture?

  (atomic mass:K:39, Cl:35, Br:80, Ag=108)                              (15%)

9.Vitamin A has a molar mass of 286.4g and has a general molecular formula of

  CxHyE, where E is an unknown element.  If Vitamin A is 83.86% C and 10.56% H

   by mass, what is the molecular formula of Vitamin A?                 (10%)

10.The plot of PV/nRT versus P for gases N2, CH4, CO2 and H2 (200K) is shown

   below.  Assign each curve to the corresponding gas(Explanation required)

                                                                        (10%)

[生物] 清大92學年度生物期末考題

1.若要了解人類染色體的變異,常會用到Karyotype,請說明檢視哪一類細胞,分離的方法

  及製備過程.

2.請解釋以下五個遺傳學名詞

  (1) Multiple alleles (2) Pleiotropy (3) Epistatis (4) Phenotype

  (5) Genotype

3.在胎兒未出生前,即可對他做遺傳缺陷的檢驗,通常用兩個方法,即 Aminocentesis

  及 Chorionic villus sampling,請詳細說明其原理及步驟.

4.雌性哺乳動物在胎兒發育期有個特殊現象,X-inactivation,請說明其過程及意義.

5.請敘述及繪圖說明 DNA replicaiton 的詳細過程,並說明參與分子的特色.

6.以下五種生物被稱為發育生物學的  Model organisms:

  Danio rerio, Caenorhabditis elegans, Drosophila melanogaster,

  Arabidopsis thaliana 及 Mus musculus,請分別寫出其中文名字及簡述其特點.

7.請以果蠅為例,說明 Maternal effect genes 及 Homeotic genes的特色.

8.請深入討論 "Natural selection maintains sexual reproduction"這句話的涵義.

9.You are planning to study a gene that codes for an immuno-regulatory

  protein in mouse. You know the amino acid sequence of the protein.

  Explain how you may

  (1)identify the gene expressed in a specific type of white blood cells

     (WBC),

  (2)identify the gene for the regulatory peptide,

  (3)produce multiple copies of the gene for stude, and

  (4)produce a quantity of regulatory protein for evaluation as a potential

    drug.

10.The following is a messenger RNA (mRNA) you have identified in E. coli

   responding to a stimulatory treatment.

   5'-UUUGGCAUGAAAUGGAUUAAAUGGAUUUAAUAG-3'

   (1)Put down the sequence of the gene (dsDNA) that codes for this RNA,

      and label

      (a)The 5' and 3' ends

      (b)The positive and negative strand

      (c)The sense and antisense strand

      (d)The "template" strand

   (2)What is the amino acid sequence?

11.Although the basic transcrtption and traslation processes in procaryotic

   and eucaryotic cells are similar, there are major differences,

   especially in the regulatory aspects(蛋白質表現之調控有重大的差異).

   Please compare the similarities and differences of these two processes

   in procaryotes and eucaryotes.

[生物] 清大2003期中考

一.物體內稱之為生物巨分子(Bio-macronolecules)共有四大類(1)請寫出這四類分子的

   名稱(中英文並列);(2)寫出其中三類聚合物(polymer)的基本建構單元(building

   blocks);(3)就你所知,人體不能自行製造且必須在食物中攝取的"building blocks"

   有哪些(維生素除外)?

二.總括而言,生物體共有三種方式獲得維持生命所需的化學能(即ATP).(1)寫出這三種

   方式(反應)的名稱(提示:x,y,z phosphorylation)並簡單說明之.(2)上述其中兩種

   都經由chemiosmosis的機制,由一個酵素(enzyme or enzyme complex)進行ATP的合

   成反應,請說明此enzyme complex的名稱及其作用機制(如何合成STP?).

三.試用一篇短文(非條列式,約200至300字)解說"酵素".文中應包括(但不限於)下列專

   有名詞:substrate (or reactant/products), active site, allosteric

   regulation (and/or feed-back regulation), activation energy,...etc.

四.(1)What is the resolving power of the light microscope?

   (2)How do cell biologists isolate organelles?

   (3)Why a cell cannot be too big?

   (4)Name one organelle in plant cells which does not exist in animal cells.

   (5)Name one function of nucleous.

   (6)Explain how dynein "walking" moves cilia and flagella.

   (7)Name one type of intercellular junction in animals.

   (8)Name two functions of membrane proteins.

   (9)What is "osmosis" ?

   (10)Explain the mechanism of the sodium-potassium pump.

五.生物細胞膜表面有三類主要的Cell signaling receptors,請分別敘述其特色.

六.鈣離子在動物細胞內外的濃度差異可達一萬倍以上,其又是細胞生理的重要調控者.

 (1)請敘述細胞如何維持其濃度差異;(2)鈣離子如何扮演 Secondary messenger的

  角色,其與 Calmodulin 有何關係?

七.請敘述 Stromatolites 及 Banded iron formations 的形成原因及其在生命演化

   史中的意義.

八.請敘述開花植物在演化史中出現的大約時間及其與地球生物多樣性的關聯.

--

因為沒有現成的解答，所以只能提供考題.......很抱歉.....

而且有些是需要圖片輔助，基本上答案都可以在Campbell第六版內找到.....

--

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